Encyclopaedia Judaica

Criminal and racist Zionist emigration operation "Berihah" 1944-1948

Flight movement of 1939 building cells - conglomeration to racist Zionist Berihah in 1944 - closed borders by the British - central Berihah Committee - flight routes through Poland and CSSR - smuggle methods - D.P. camps before the blocked Italian border - pogroms in Poland and mass flight - Orthodox Jews from Russia - commander meeting at Basle in 1946 - emigration movement from Romania 1947 - Mosad connection - operations until 1949 - Arabs are never mentioned...

Encyclopaedia Judaica (1971): [[racist Zionist]] Berihah, vol. 4, col. 623-624: emigration convoy after 1944: a Jewish officer of a British army unit organizing a convoy [[one convoy of 100.000s of survivors]]

from: Berihah (Beriḥah); In: Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971, vol. 4

presented by Michael Palomino (2008)

Teilen / share:

Facebook

Twitter

[[Introduction
Racist Zionist madness says that Jewry would be a "nation" which is never possible because Jewry is a religion. Add to this the Arabs were never asked if a "Jewish State" would be built. But many Jews believed the Jewish racist Zionists and warmongers, called "Zionists" with it's racist Herzl booklet "The Jewish State". The racist Zionist Jewish leaders abused the Jewish youth with "youth movements" like the youth "pioneer" operation "Berihah" for their war purposes. "Pioneers" can be turned into soldiers easily...]].

[Berihah = Flight]

<BERIHAH (BERIḤAH) (Heb. "flight"), name of an organized underground operation moving Jews out of Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Rumania [[Romania]], Yugoslavia, the Baltic countries, and the [[criminal Gulag]] U.S.SR. into Central and southern Europe between 1944 and 1948 as a step toward their - mostly "illegal" - immigration to Palestine: also name of the spontaneous mass movement of Jewish survivors from Europe toward Erez Israel (Ereẓ Israel) [[Land of Israel]].

[The first organized nuclei since the flight movement of 1939 to eastern Poland and Lithuania]

In 1939, Jewish refugees fleeing from the Germans [[and their collaborators]] were illegally crossing frontiers into Soviet-occupied Poland and thence to Lithuania or, in the south, to Rumania [[Romania]]. While this movement was in the main chaotic, [[racist]] Zionist, [[Social-Democrat]] Bundist, and Orthodox groups provided some organized nuclei. The same holds true of Jews fleeing from Slovakia to Hungary (col. 622)

in 1942, and from Hungary back into Slovakia and into Rumania [[Romania]] in 1944.

[Homeless Jewish survivors since 1944 - drive for emigration - Berihah operation]

Encyclopaedia Judaica (1971): [[racist Zionist]] Berihah, vol. 4, col. 623-624:
the beginning of the journey: waiting for transport

At the end of World War II, tens of thousands of Jews found that they could not remain in the countries of Central Europe either because of their memories of the *Holocaust and the destruction of their homes [[by Nazi and by allied bombing]] or because of the anti-Semitic atmosphere that prevailed in these countries

[[because racist "Christians" did not want to give back flats or jobs which had been taken over by the racist "Christians" since 1941. In this situation the emigration propaganda and manipulation of the Jewish masses was easy, and racist Zionists used the hardship of the Jewish masses and said that in Palestine the situation would be "better". Many followed into the war trap of Palestine, for the war purposes of racist Zionists...]].

A mass migration of the remnants of the Holocaust began. It was partially spontaneous and partially organized as an attempt to find a way to reach Palestine. The first initiators of the organized Berihah (Beriḥah) came from among the leaders of Jewish resistance groups, partisans, and organizers of [[racist]] Zionist underground groups who already had participated in illegal border crossings in Nazi-occupied eastern Europe during the war years.

[Berihah formed: surviving Jewish partisans + returning racist Zionists from Soviet Asia + surviving Warsaw ghetto fighters - racist Zionist leader Kovner]

In 1944, with the liberation [[resp. Soviet occupation]] of Rovno in Volhynia and Vilna by the Soviet Army in February and April, respectively, illegal groups of former Jewish partisans were formed independently of each other. Their aim was to take out the remnants of the Jewish population and bring them to Erez Israel (Ereẓ Israel) [[Land of Israel]]. They were joined by [[racist]] Zionist groups returning from Soviet Asia, and met in Lublin in December 1944 under the leadership of Abba *Kovner.

In January 1945, they were joined by the remnants of the Warsaw ghetto fighters under Yizhak (Yiẓḥak) *Cukierman, and founded the Beriḥah organization under the leadership of Kovner. (col. 629)

Beriha's orientation was clearly [[racist]] Zionist, but there were refugees who declared their preference for migration to countries other than Palestine [[because they did not want to go into the war trap of Middle East Conflict...]]. (col. 631)

[[The Arabs were not asked. The Arabs don't count for racist Zionists, or only count as slaves...]]

[Racist Zionist Berihah (Beriḥah) manipulation in Romania since January 1945 - "Rescue Train" with Romanian Jews from the camps - transit points and closed borders - the way via Italy and closed borders by the British]

Encyclopaedia Judaica (1971): [[racist Zionist]] Berihah, vol. 4, col. 625-626: On foot to the frontier: through the forest

Encyclopaedia Judaica (1971): [[racist Zionist]] Berihah, vol. 4, col. 625-626: On foot to the frontier: over the mountain

The first groups were sent to Rumania [[Romania]] in the middle of January 1945, in the hope of reaching Erez Israel (Ereẓ Israel) [[Land of Israel]] with the help of emissaries (shelihim (sheliḥim)) [[missionary teachers]] of the yishuv [[Jews from Palestine before 1948]] staying at the time in Bucharest. During the first months after the war, before the borders of Central European countries were redrawn and closed and when millions of *Displaced Persons [[a part of the D.P.s were Jews]] were returning to their homes, the movement of Jews searching for a way to Palestine also began. An event connected with this mass movement was the "Rescue Train", which, under the auspices of the International Red Cross, set out for Poland to return to Rumania Jews who had been deported by the Germans [[and their collaborators]]. This project succeeded in returning from Poland to Rumania [[Romania]] about 5,000 Jews, including many children.

But hopes of reaching Palestine from Rumania [[Romania]] had soon to be discarded [[given up]], and in May, Kovner had instead established transit points in Hungary and Yugoslavia, moving his people toward Italy, which he himself reached in July.

Polish Jews were now coming via Slovakia to Budapest, and thence to Graz in Austria, hoping to cross the Italian border from there. In August, however, the British occupation forces stationed there closed the border and 12,000 people were stranded in the Graz area. They managed to cross the border in small groups only in the winter of 1945/46.

[[The racist Zionist manipulation was driving 100.000s of Jews now to Palestine, into the next war...]]

[Diaspora center set up for smuggling surviving Jews into Italy - central Berihah Committee set up]

A center (Merkaz la-Golah [[Center for the Diaspora]]) for smuggling Jews into Italy from the liberated concentration camps in Germany and Austria was established by Palestinian Jewish soldiers stationed in Europe, both from the *Jewish Brigade and from other army units. It started its activities in June 1945 and brought in some 15,000 people till August [[1945]], when British forces sealed [[closed]] the border. Financing in this early period was from *Jewish Agency funds. The first attempt to organize the migration of Jewish survivors throughout Europe was made at a meeting of Berihah (Beriḥah) activists in Bratislava in March 1946. A central committee of the Berihah (Beriḥah) was chosen with Mordechai Surkis from the Jewish Brigade and Pinhas (Pinḥas) Rashish, head of the Palestine aid delegation to Poland, as its heads. This committee exercised an ill-defined and shadowy control over Berihah (Beriḥah) activities in Europe until the end of 1946.

[Berihah flight routes to D.P. camps in CSSR, Vienna, and Bavaria]

Encyclopaedia Judaica (1971): [[racist Zionist]] Berihah, vol. 4, col. 625-626: youngsters traveling by rail

From August 1945 onward, a movement started out of Poland into the Displaced Persons (DP) camps of Czechoslovakia; the various routes led to the U.S. zone in Austria [[D.P. center Vienna]] (col. 629)

and into Bavaria. From October onward an alternative route operated via Szczeczyn (Stettin), Berlin, and the British zone (northern Germany) to the U.S. zone in the south. Transit through Czechoslovakia, Austria, and Hungary was controlled by Levi Kopelevich (Argov), a shali'ah (shali'aḥ) [[emissary]] from Palestine, who from March 1946 headed the Berihah (Beriḥah) secretariat in Bratislava.

Movements were coordinated with the Berihah (Beriḥah) in Poland under Isser Ben-Zvi (Ben-Ẓvi), a shali'ah (shali'aḥ)   who had taken over in October 1945. (col. 630)

Berihah (Beriḥah) [1944-1948: many hundreds of thousands of survivors brought to Palestine]

The Berihah (Beriḥah) operation which, at the end of World War II, moved hundreds of thousands of survivors of the Holocaust across the frontiers of Europe to a new life in Erez Israel (Ereẓ Israel) [[Land of Israel]]. Photos: Tel Aviv, E. Dekel Collection. (col. 623-624)

Encyclopaedia Judaica (1971): Berihah (Beriḥah), vol. 4, col. 623-624

Beriha's orientation was clearly [[racist]] Zionist, but there were refugees who declared their preference for migration to countries other than Palestine. (col. 631)

[[So, there are many hundreds of thousands of survivors who emigrated by Berihah, to Palestine, and to other countries. Berihah brought the Jews from one war into another war, now against all Arabs. But other Jews wanted a more peaceful region and did not go to the war trap called Palestine...]].

Encyclopaedia Judaica (1971): [[racist Zionist]] Berihah, vol. 4, col. 623-624: emigration convoy:
a Jewish officer of a British army unit organizing a convoy [[one convoy of 100.000s of survivors]]

[Funds from the Joint for the stranded emigrating Jews in the racist Zionist emigration madness - Berihah in Mosad hands under Shaul Avigur]

In the winter of 1945 / 46, funds began to be received from the *American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee for food and clothing for stranded refugees. The control over Berihah (Beriḥah) exercised heretofore through Surkis was now acknowledged to be in the hands of the "Mosad le-Aliyah Bet" (or "Mosad", center for "*illegal" immigration) in Palestine, whose head, Shaul *Avigur, moved his office to Paris in 1946.

[Structure of Berihah: youth movements - the smuggle methods with codes, forged identity documents - UN or Czech government money for transit trains - truck drivers bribed for smuggling Jews to Germany]

The movement was largely organized by [[racist]] Zionist youth movements whose representatives in Poland formed the Berihah (Beriḥah) "center", to which the commander was responsible. The movements and [[racist]] Zionist parties formed groups [[of Jewish survivors]], many of which were influenced by the kibbutz idea and therefore known as "kibbutzim". The groups were directed to border towns where Berihah (Beriḥah) teams accommodated them in "stores" (temporary lodgings). There they were provided with slips of paper containing a code ("parol") and sent to the actual border station ("point") where the local Berihah (Beriḥah) team smuggled them across.

[[It is a classical youth abuse that the youth takes over illegal tasks in an emergency. Racist Zionism could organize shelter and aid for the Jewish survivors in Europe, but they organized the flight from Europe into the next war in Palestine against all Arabs, and many surviving Jews followed the Zionist madness and did not see the manipulation...]]

Until 1946, forged Red Cross documents were employed to identify people as Greek refugees. In Czechoslovakia, an informal agreement was obtained not to hamper [[hinder]] the movement of Jews, and UNRRA [[United Nations Relief Rehabilitation Administration, manipulated by the racist Zionists]] and the Czech government paid the train fares from the Polish border to either Bratislava or As on the Czech-German frontier.

On the Szczeczyn-Berlin route, Soviet or Polish truck drivers were bribed into smuggling people in, and exit from Berlin to the British zone was effected either through UNRRA officials whose sympathy was obtained or with the help of forged documents.

[Structures of racist Zionist Berihah in Austria and Germany - Rothschild Hospital in Vienna - routes to Italy or Germany]

From October 1945 onward, the operation in Austria was under Asher *Ben-Nathan, and in Germany under Ephraim Frank, both shelihim (sheliḥim) [[emissaries, missionary teachers]] from Palestine. In Vienna a series of transit camps were clustered around the Rothschild Hospital, receiving refugees passing from Bratislava to the U.S. zone of Austria. From the U.S. zone of Austria transit was effected either to Italy (until about May 1946), directed by Issachar Haimovich, or to the U.S. zone in Germany.

[Investigation of D.P. camps in the German "U.S." zone - permitted racist Zionist Berihah flight movement]

The U.S. Army did not encourage entry of Jewish refugees into their zones. However, poor conditions in DP camps in these zones had caused an investigation to be made by Earl G. Harrison in August, 1945, and the report that was published on Sept. 30, 1945, reflected badly on the army. To avoid arousing public opinion in the [[criminal racist]] United States the army acquiesced [[agreed]] in Jewish refugee movements, provided no very large numbers were involved. Simon H. Rifkind and Philip S. Bernstein, advisers on Jewish affairs to the U.S. command in Germany, played a large part in persuading the army to maintain its tolerant attitude.

[[It seems there were many voices warning from the Middle East Conflict becoming more and more ardent]].

[Kielce pogrom of 4 July 1946 - Jewish mass flight by CSSR - government agreement for flight to CSSR]

Encyclopaedia Judaica (1971): [[racist Zionist]] Berihah, vol. 4, col. 625-626: youngsters traveling by rail

[[Anti-Semitic Poland had a strong anti-Semitic tradition since 1919, and this tradition came up since 1944 when Jews came back asking for their jobs and flats. The racist Polish "Christians" did not want to give jobs or flats back, and by this the hatred against the Jews was rising very quickly, beginning with ugly jokes and coming up to pogroms. The government had given the Jews any opportunity for cultural development, but the big part of the racist "Christian" Polish population did not want this Jewish culture any more, and the Kielce pogrom was not the only one, see *Poland]]

The murder of 41 Jews in a pogrom at *Kielce (Poland) on July 4, 1946, created a wave of panic among Polish Jews, who now included the 150,000 repatriates from the U.S.S.R. who came out from February 1946 onward (before that there had been only 80,000 Jews in Poland). Pressure was exerted on Berihah (Beriḥah) by panic-stricken Jews to take them out of Poland.

In July this was still done by the usual illegal means. But the Polish government, which arrived at the conclusion that it would not be able to restrain [[hold back]] the outbursts against the Jews, saw their exodus from Poland as a solution to the problem. In late July [[1946]], negotiations conducted by Yizhak (Yiẓḥak) Cukierman with Polish government agencies led to an oral understanding whereby (col. 630)

Jews were allowed to leave Poland without hindrance through the Silesian border into Czechoslovakia. Simultaneously (on July 26) the Czech government, largely through the influence of Jan Masaryk, the foreign minister, decided to open its frontier to Jews fleeing from Poland. In the three months of July, August, and September 1946 more than 70,000 Jews fled through Czechoslovakia. Transport was paid for by the Czechs, against an UNRRA promise to return the money later; food was obtained largely from the JDC and UNRRA. The exodus of those months was joined by 15,000 Hungarian Jews and some 1,000 Rumanian [[Romanian]] and Czech Jews.

[Jewish flight from Poland via Szczeczyn: disguised as Germans - expelled like Germans - numbers]

Despite Polish insistence that only the Silesian route should be used after the July agreement, Berihah (Beriḥah) continued to send also large numbers of Jews via Szczeczyn [[Stettin]] to Berlin, a route which was controlled by Jewish Brigadesoldiers. Others went from Szczeczyn to Luebeck and Hanover in the British zone by train or boat through PUR, the Polish agency expelling Germans from Poland: the Jews posed as Germans and were thus enabled to leave by "being expelled".

The total number leaving Poland from July 1945 to October 1946 was estimated at 110,000, excluding PUR and a large number of people who came out not with the organized Berihah (Beriḥah) but with professional smugglers, Jews as well as non-Jews.

From the beginnings of the Berihah (Beriḥah) until October 1946 no less than 180,000 people were involved in the migratory movements.

After some hesitation, and due again largely to the intervention of Rabbi Philip Bernstein, the U.S. Army allowed the large scale move into the U.S. zones of Germany and Austria to take place in the summer of 1946. Movements out of Germany into Italy were limited, especially during the second half of 1946, until the route was reestablished in early 1947 through the Valle Aurina. In early 1947 the Polish government terminated the arrangement at the border; movement via Szczeczyn had almost come to a standstill in November 1946. During 1947, less than 10,000 Jews managed to leave [[anti-Semitic]] Poland via Berihah (Beriḥah) routes. In Germany, Berihah (Beriḥah) cooperated with the committees of Jewish DPs to arrange for social and political absorption of the refugees into the camps. (col. 631)

[[...]]

Encyclopaedia Judaica (1971): [[racist Zionist]] Berihah, vol. 4, col. 625-626: The end of the journey: "illegal" immigrants arrive in Erez Israel, pulled ashore by members of the [[racist Zionist Jewish terror organization]] Haganah

[Russian Berihah: organization of migration of Orthodox Jews]

The Berihah (Beriḥah) movement from the [[criminal Gulag]] Soviet Union was a special case. Many Jews who had lived in prewar Poland left the U.S.S.R. with their families as part of the Polish repatriation program. The position of veteran citizens of the [[criminal Gulag]] Soviet Union was a more difficult one. Nonetheless, activities of the Berihah (Beriḥah) were organized by a number of bodies, which, inter alia, brought out many Lubavich Hasidim (Ḥasidim) [[Orthodox]] from the [[criminal Gulag]] Soviet Union. When the new Soviet border was definitely sealed in 1946, the [[criminal Gulag]] Soviet authorities began to seize the Berihah (Beriḥah) organizers, some of whom were arrested and sentenced to long prison terms.

[Racist Zionist Berihah commander meeting at Basle 1946 - Mosad connection]

At the end of 1946 a meeting of Berihah (Beriḥah) commanders was held at [["neutral" racist]] Basle during the 22nd [[racist]] Zionist Congress. Shaul Avigur, head of the "Mosad", was present. There a new European commander of the Berihah (Beriḥah), Ephraim Dekel, a former head of [[racist Zionist Jewish terrorist]] *Haganah Intelligence in Palestine, was nominated. Under Dekel Berihah (Beriḥah) became more closely linked with the "Mosad", but the numbers coming in from eastern Europe were falling.

Encyclopaedia Judaica (1971): Berihah (Beriḥah), vol. 4, col. 627-628: some of the forged identity documents used by Ephraim Dekel, European commander of Berihah from 1946

-- on the upper right sheet from 15 October 1946 racist Zionist terrorist leader Dekel is a concentration camp survivor from Mauthausen, an engineer  named Ing. Senes Emmerich -- on the upper left passport from Austria from 14 July 1947 racist Zionist terrorist leader Dekel is an employee called Max Broáy, born on 15 November 1903 -- on the identity card from the Joint Distribution Committee in the middle from 15 January 1948 racist Zionist terrorist leader Dekel is a welfare officer called E. Krasner, born in 1903, with Palestine nationality -- on the lower identity card on the left from the Joint Distribution Committee from 5 May 1948 racist Zionist terrorist leader Dekel is a supply officer with British nationality, born on 29 October 1907, called Jack Gordon -- on the lower identity card on the right from the Committee for Assistance to Jewish Refugees from 1947 racist Zionist terrorist leader Dekel is a secretary, called Ariel Lassik, born in the year 1914. You can see it was very easy to forge documents, and not only the Jewish organizations did...

[Crisis in Romania 1947 provoking mass emigration]

In the spring of 1947 economic crisis and fear of anti-Semitism caused a panic flight of some 15,000 Rumanian [[Romanian]] Jews to Hungary and Austria. On April 21, 1947, the U.S. Army decreed that no more Jews would be accepted into existing DP camps, but Berihah (Beriḥah) poured the refugees into the Viennese transit camps until the American authorities relented [[gave in]] and allowed the people entrance into camps in the U.S. zone in contravention of the decree.

Encyclopaedia Judaica (1971): [[racist Zionist]] Berihah, vol. 4, col. 627-628: A half-dead brought into hospital in Haifa. The other passengers on this battered vessel were later transported to a detention camp in Cyprus. [[The text written here that it would be an "injured during a struggle with intercepting British troops" does not seem right considering the shape of the person on the barrow. But: British troops are helping and bringing the half-dead to a hospital]].

[Tensions in Palestine between Berihah and other criminal racist Zionist underground organizations]

The (col. 631)

tension in Palestine between the *Haganah and the dissident underground organizations, *Irgun Zeva'i (Ẓeva'i) Le'ummi (I.Z.L.) and *Lohamei Herut Israel (Loḥamei Ḥerut Israel) (Lehi (Leḥi)), sometimes influenced the work of the Berihah (Beriḥah) as well, and in September 1947 a Berihah (Beriḥah) man was murdered at a "point" near Innsbruck by I.Z.L. members. In general, however, the [[racist radical Zionist]] *Revisionists were part of the current of the Berihah and the "illegal" immigration to Palestine.

[New command under Meir Sapir - underground flight operations still in 1949 - Mosad flight operations]

In 1948, Meir Sapir took over from Dekel as Berihah (Beriḥah) commander, and Berihah (Beriḥah) was slowly wound up, though Berihah (Beriḥah) points still operated on certain eastern borders in 1949. In the west, Berihah (Beriḥah) points existed on the German-French and, briefly, on the Belgian, frontier, and the 4,500 Exodus passengers passed through these in June 1947. However, entry into France was regulated by the "Mosad" rather than Berihah (Beriḥah).

[Numbers 1944-1948]

The total number of people who left eastern Europe between 1944 and 1948 can be estimated at about 250,000, and of these about 80% at least [[at least 200,000]] came with the organized Berihah (Beriḥah). (col. 632)

The Berihah (Beriḥah) was a prime factor in the struggle for the establishment of the Jewish State from 1945 to 1948. It dramatically underscored President Truman's demand for a speedy admission of 100,000 Jewish refugees to Palestine (August 1945) and was reflected in the conclusions of the Anglo-American Committee (May 1946). It created a reservoir of people from which came the masses of immigrants that fought together with the yishuv [[Jewish population in Palestine before 1948]] to open the gates of Palestine to Jewish immigration and to establish the [[racist Zionist Free Mason CIA Herzl]] State of Israel [[without borderlines]]. (See also *Displaced Persons and *"Illegal" Immigration).

[[Arabs never mentioned
The Arabs are never mentioned in the article. The Jews are taken from one war into another war which is never mentioned. Zionist Jewish terror grouop Haganah was making war against the Arabs and the British troops at the same time. The Jews for Palestine were lead into the eternal war trap of Middle East Conflict...]]


Bibliography

-- Y. Bauer: Flight and Rescue (1970)
-- J. and D. Kimche: The Secret Roads (1954); "Brycha" 1945-1948 (Pol, 1950?), an album
-- E. Dekel: Bi-Netivei ha-"Berihah" (1958)
-- idem, in: Seridei Herev 1963)
-- A. Gefen: Porezei ha-Mahsomim (1961)
-- L.W. Schwarz: The Redeemers (1953), 232-45
-- R. Korchak: Lehavot ba-Efer (1965), 303-7

[YE.B.]> (col. 632)

Teilen / share:

Facebook

Twitter