[Arabic as colloquial language
and all crazy fantasy possibilities]
Arabic developed in the 9th century to the common
[p.210] popular language between the individual
groups. In addition to [[Jesus Fantasy]] Christians
and [[Muhammad Fantasy]] Muslims living in their
territories, there were special groups at all times:
-- [[Jesus Fantasy]] Christians converted to
[[Muhammad Fantasy]] Islam ("Mulades"),
-- [[Jesus Fantasy]] Christians living under
[[Muhammad Fantasy]] Islam ("Mozarabs"),
-- [[Muhammad Fantasy]] Muslims converted to [[Jesus
Fantasy]] Christianity ("Moriscos")
-- [[Muhammad Fantasy]] Muslims living under [[Jesus
Fantasy]] Christianity ("Mudechars").
[Forced conversion since Muhammad I onward with
destruction of Jesus Fantasy churches and tribute,
exile or death]
The conversions were never voluntary. They have always
been under duress or pressure, ranging from legal
discrimination to physical violence.
At the time of the conquest, occupation of land was in
the foreground from an ethnic point of view. There
were no significant religious conflicts, because the
individual confessions were very close yet in the 8th
century - despite of heavy theological disputes. This
began to change under Muhammad I. Eulogius of Córdoba
writes to [[the Jesus Fantasy]] Bishop Wilesindus of
Pamplona:
"This year (851) the fury of the tyrant
against the [[Jesus Fantasy]] Church of [[the
Fantasy]] God inflamed, overturned everything,
devastated everything, scattered everything,
incarcerated [[Jesus Fantasy]] bishops, [[Jesus
Fantasy]] presbyters, [[Jesus Fantasy]] abbots,
[[Jesus Fantasy]] deacons and the whole [[Jesus
Fantasy]] clergy."
[[Christianity and Islam were and are both criminal
pedophile - this did not change changing the
"religion"]].
Those who did not convert were second-class citizens
("dhimmi"). In al-Andalus there was only the
possibility of tribute, exile or death for them.
[[Threat of death and exile - this is
Muhammad Fantasy Islamic "tolerance"!]]
[Beautiful lies about jihad in Muhammad Fantasy
Islam - example Mrs. professor Menocal]
But there are also other points of view which are
shown by professor Maria Rosa Menocal in her book "The
Ornament of the World" meaning:
"Islamic politics not only made possible
the survival of [[Jesus Fantasy]] Christians and
[[Moses Fantasy]] Jews, but largely protected them
according to the [[Muhammad Fantasy]] Quranic
order."
[Andalusia 1066: Muhammad Fantasy Islamic
propaganda against Moses Fantasy Jews and mass
murder of Moses Fantasy Jews]
During the patchwork period of the Taifas
[[Principalities]] the situation was completely
different. In general, religion did not seem to have
been in the foreground. Nevertheless, the first major
slaughter of [[Moses Fantasy]] Jews took place in
Córdoba in 1066 [[a gigantic Muslim pogrom - see
p.215]].
Before this event, a a memorandum of the pious jurist
Abu Ishaq was published:
"These [[Moses Fantasy]] Jews, who used to
search the garbage pile for a scrap of colorful
cloth to bury their dead, ... have now divided
Granada among themselves ... They are collecting
tributes and they are dressed very elegant ..., and
the monkey called Joseph has installed marble in his
house ... hurry to cut his throat [p.211]; he is a
stout mutton, take away his money, because you
deserve it rather than he! "
[The term of "tolerance" exists only since the
Renaissance - the Muhammad Fantasy Muslim
understanding of "freedom"]
The tolerance of which al-Andalus was supposed to have
been determined is a pure fantasy tale. Nowhere, not
only in Spain, any tolerance can be found in European
Middle Ages according to our understanding. The
concept of tolerance dates back to the Renaissance.
This tolerance is based on the concepts of "truth" and
"freedom". With revelation religions, which each claim
to show the truth, there is not much tolerance, so,
when they are that powerful to implement the claimed
truth in a political way. Freedom and tolerance are
ending soon when religious regulations are installed.
Al-Andalus was not at all a tolerant society, and was
not even a pluralistic one. Pluralism involves the
consensus on the fundamental equality of all cultures.
There was no question of that in al-Andalus. Tolerance
and pluralism meant there to accept conditions which
could not be changed - but there was work on it. This
is the "pragmatic tolerance" of the Andalus motivated
tolerance admirers.
Religious tolerance was never a concept in al-Andalus.
The religious groups always operated a takeover policy
or a segregation policy that only paused when the own
concept could not be installed. That was the legendary
mentality of "living together" ("convivencia"), the
daring being together of three [[Fantasy]] cultures.
This was supposedly the trade mark of al-Andalus, but
it was really the exception. All three cultures were
overlapped and closely interlocked, but the will to
separation or conquest was always dominating.
[Muhammad Fantasy Islamic jihad extremists occupy
and destroy Andalusia - Christians, Muslims and Jews
flee to the middle section under Alfons the Wise]
The "convivencia" had it's best time perhaps in the
short time of the Taifas [[Principalities]] and in
[[Jesus Fantasy]] Christian Toledo, when [[Jesus
Fantasy]] Christians, [[Muhammad Fantasy]] Muslims and
[[Moses Fantasy]] Jews fled in large numbers to the
[[Jesus Fantasy]] Christian lands before the invasion
of the North Africans, and there they at least
temporarily created a common culture being undisturbed
- until the death of Alfons the Wise (1284).
At the same time, the religious zealots in the south
destroyed all traces of Christian-Jewish building
activity such as [[Jesus Fantasy]] churches, [[Moses
Fantasy]] synagogues, cemeteries, schools [p.212],
community facilities. Therefore, tourism traveling of
today to the ruins shows a dominance of Moorish
culture. Some historians have unfortunately lost the
archaeological evidence of "living together"
("convivencia") under [[Muhammad Fantasy]] Islamic
rule.
[Until the 10th century, the Iberian Peninsula was
Arab-Syriac-Christian]
Coexistence can only work on condition of simultaneity
of the involved cultures. They have to come from the
same time, so to speak, to be on an equal footing.
Until the 10th century, the majority of the Iberian
Peninsula was a culturally quite homogeneous entity
under the Syrian Arab leading culture. This continued
with small deviations even in the Taifa period.
[Since the 10th century, Andalusia is reconverted
into Stone Age by the jihad extremists]
A first break in simultaneity came with the
fundamentalist Almoravids and Almohads. They came from
the past of Africa to modern Spain but could not do
anything with it. Finally they were absorbed by modern
life, but the next wave with a ominous trend to the
past was under way already: the new radical
interpretation of belief which had established in the
East and came to al-Andalus now.
It was not just the zealots from North Africa who cut
off al-Andalus from the modern age, it was also the
development in the East, of which al-Andalus was
always heavily influenced.
From the Almoravidan foreign rule to the end of
Granada, one can no longer speak of simultaneity. Do
not be fooled by magnificent stucco in a small part of
the Alhambra. The cathedral of Burgos was completed,
the Cologne Cathedral was under construction, pompous
[[Jesus Fantasy]] churches and enchanting "palazzi"
were created in [[Jesus Fantasy]] Florence, which the
artist Pisano adorned with its incomparable
sculptures. Spirit provokes developments. But with the
elimination of Ibn Ruschd, the [[Muhammad Fantasy]]
Islamic world had begun a mental petrification, the
"sealed time" Mr. Dan Diner said.
[123] Dan Diner: The Sealed
Time (original German: Die Versiegelte Zeit); Berlin
2007
[With the Christian reconquest of 1491 also
southern Spain comes into the "modern age"]
Nothing could illustrate the change of mentality to
Modernism in Spain more than the coincidence of two
events: in 1492, in the same year that [[Jesus
Fantasy]] Ferdinand and Isabel accepted the
capitulation of Granada [p.213] and the last
[[Muhammad Fantasy]] Muslim ruler left Spain, they
adopted a captain named Christoph Columbus, on her
quest for a voyage of discovery a new world suspected
to be beyond the horizon of the globe.
[[Many cultures had gone to "America"
before Columbus already. Columbus just made a big
show. Certain data indicate that he was a Moses
Fantasy Jew and was searching for land for Moses
Fantasy Jewish people because all Moses Fantasy Jews
were expelled from Spain and Portugal]].
Once the Arab (non-Islamic) ruler al-Mamun had the
globe measured to a precision of a few miles. Now the
[[Jesus Fantasy]] Europeans sent ships to
circumnavigate this globe, while in the now [[Muhammad
Fantasy]] islamized Arab world the earth had to be
imagined flat, as the Holy [[Muhammad Fantasy]] Book
commanded. By entering the Alhambra, the royal rulers
of the north [[Ferdinand and Isabella of Madrid]]
first of all achieved Castilian rulership and life
style. But they also installed modernity into the
past.
[The Alhambra is today a symbol of religious
tolerance? - Not at all - the mosque of Cordoba
could be it]
"Certainly, however, the Alhambra can
serve as a model for a new, united Europe in which
different religions and cultures can and must come
together as never before." [124]
[124] Lubisch: Frankfurt General Newspaper
(Frankfurter Allgemeine - FAZ), August 12,
2004
Why just the Alhambra? Which cultures and religions
should have met exemplary in her?
Finding a symbol of living together of the three
[[Fantasy]] cultures, this would fit to Toledo.
Finding a monument in al-Andalus as a symbol for this,
then it can be only the mosque (Spanish: mezquita) of
Cordoba. This mosque is a bizarre building. It begins
its existence on a exploited Jupiter temple and a
Gothic [[Jesus Fantasy]] church. It was followed by a
Christian-Arab worship site in Syrian [[Jesus
Fantasy]] church style, with extensions as a
[[Muhammad Fantasy]] mosque, which finds its artistic
culmination in an extension from abroad, namely in a
Byzantium style. And then came a relapse into an
artistically inferior style. And then a [[Jesus
Fantasy]] cathedral is placed in the middle of the
[[Muhammad Fantasy]] mosque. It makes a good match,
but: The [[Muhammad Fantasy]] mosque was not ruined by
the winners, as one would expect, but "complemented"
by a [[Jesus Fantasy]] cathedral in the middle. Of
course, the [[Jesus Fantasy]] cathedral dominates, the
[[Muhammad Fantasy]] minaret is encased in the [p.214]
[[Jesus Fantasy]] church tower - but which building
could better symbolize the historical zigzag than this
one uniting the basic elements of the history of
al-Andalus?
[Special taxes for non-believers]
From the [[Muhammad Fantasy]] Islamic side come
appeals and comments that this time of [[Muhammad
Fantasy]] Islam in Spain was so tolerant. Well, one
should be more careful with this considering the
special taxes for all non Islamic citizens at any
time, and with the discrimination of rights. All
non-Muslims in al-Andalus were rated as citizens of
second class having a "dhimmi status". Does that look
like tolerance?
