Stalin deportations - and the Big Flight from Barbarossa. Index

Some data from some articles in the Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971

from Michael Palomino (2007)

4. Bessarabia

[Bessarabia 1940-1941: Stalin deportations]

from: Bessarabia; In: Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971, Vol. 4

<After the entry of the Red Army into Bessarabia on June 28, 1940, life for Jews in Bessarabia was gradually brought in line with the general pattern of Jewish existence under the Soviet regime. On June 13, 1941, a comprehensive "purge" was carried out throughout the region. Thousands of Jews - communal leaders, active members of the Zionist movement, businessmen, and persons suspected of disloyalty to the regime - were arrested and deported to internment camps for exiled to Siberia.> (col. 708)

[The withdrawal of the Red Army and Big Flight from Barbarossa is not mentioned in the article].

-----

But here is an excelent example for the flight from Barbarossa:

Jews in Orgeyev

Jews since 1741 - 7,144 registered Jews in 1897 (57.9% of total population) - Zionist activities - Flight from Barbarossa and distribution of the Jews in inner Russia - mass murder under NS regime - 3,000 Jews in 1970

from: Orgeyev (Orhei); In: Encyclopaedia Judaica (1971)

presented by Michael Palomino (2010)

<ORGEYEV (Rum. Orhei), city in Bessarabia, central Moldavian S.S.R.

[Settlement - Zionist activities for foundation of racist Zionist Israel]

Jews first mentioned in Orgeyev in 1741. The community developed after the Russian annexation of Bessarabia in 1812 when many Jews emigrated to the region. There were 3,102 Jews registered in 1864 and 7,144 (57.9% of the total population) in 1897. They established educational and welfare institutions, and in 1865 a talmud torah was opened where secular studies were also taught; in 1877 a hospital and an old age home were founded. The Jews of Orgeyev were mostly businessmen and craftsmen, but some were viniculturists on the outskirts of the town. In the late 1890s an agricultural training farm was founded and it was supported by the Jewish Colonization Association (ICA) [[with racist Zionist plan of a Jewish Reich against the all Arabs who had no weapons until 1915, but then had weapons]].

Among the 1,480 members registered in the loan fund in 1925 there were 286 farmers. In 1930 there were 6,408 Jews (41.9% of the total population). [EL.F.]

Holocaust Period and After. [Flight from Barbarossa to inner Russia - death on the way by foot - distribution in inner Russia] When war broke out (June 1941) the Soviet army, which had been in Orgeyev from the previous June, helped Jews to escape. Some got to Kryulyany (Criuleni) and wandered from there. One group roamed through southern Russia on foot; of these, some were killed in German air raids, while others succumbed to the cold or died from starvation and disease. The survivors eventually reached Stalingrad, where the authorities dispersed them among the kolkhozes. When the front drew near, they were sent on to the Ural Mountains, central Asia, and Uzbekistan. One large group of Orgeyev Jews was located at Tashkent and the surrounding area.

[Holocaust under NS regime with mass murder]

Those Jews who remained in Orgeyev came to a bitter end. When the German-Rumanian forces entered on July 8-10, a Jewish delegation presented itself before them to welcome them with bread and salt, but all its members were murdered on the spot. The Jewish population was enclosed in a ghetto, where it lived under extremely crowded conditions and was exposed to constant maltreatment and daily murders. On [col. 1456]

August 6, about 200 Jews were murdered by the 25th Rumanian regiment and their bodies were thrown into the Dniester. In 1942 all the survivors were deported to the concentration camp at Tiraspol, Transnistria; their exit from the city was accompanied by the music of a gypsy band and the old people were forced to dance in the streets.

When the transport reached a nearby forest, the young men among the deportees were taken to an open field where they underwent torture and where many were shot to death by the soldiers. Others died on the way to Tiraspol and others in the Transnistrian camps. Only a few lived to see the end of the war.

[1945-1970]

There was little Jewish life after the war. [[Precise numbers of returning Jews are missing, but some thousand have returned for sure]].

The only synagogue in Orgeyev was closed down by the authorities in 1960, after they had organized a "petition" claiming that its presence was disturbing the neighbors. The Jewish population in 1970 was estimated at about 3,000. [J.AN.]

[[So at least 3,000 had come back from Russia after 1945]].

Bibliography:
-- Orhiyov be-Vinyanah u-ve-Hurbanah (1959)
-- M. Mircu: Pogromurile din basarabia... (1947), 9-10.>

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