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Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971

Moses Fantasy Jewry: Migration 04: Jewish illegal immigration to the desert strip of Palestine since 1882 - and Cyprus 1930s-1948: 115,000

How Moses Fantasy Haganah and Satanist Rothschild Mosad organized illegal refugee ships - the Muhammad Fantasy Muslim Arabs are not asked - the measures of the Jesus Fantasy British

presented by Michael Palomino (2007 / 2019 / 2023)
Theodor Herzl, portrait of a
                  racist, which was normal for this period, to be racist
                  even was "scientific" in these times!  Marsh
                  land is drained in Palestine. Are there Jews working
                  together with Palestinians? I don't believe...   Mosad,
                  emblem   Ship Struma   British detention camp on Cyprus for Jews
                  1946-1948 (02)   Ben Gurion, declarance of independence with a
                    Herzl foto of racist Herzl. The foto is the program,
                    and the Arabs will never accept this Herzl state...

3 fantasies - but Mother Earth is REAL
Moses is a fantasy - nothing could be found of him. The proofs are in the book: The Bible unearthed - link. So, Jewry is a fantasy, and also the Jewish calendar is a fantasy. Also Jesus is a fantasy: nothing could be found, but it's a code fantasy with the numbers 3,12,13 and 33 - link. Therefore, Christiandom is a fantasy, and also the Christian calendar is a fantasy - and the Vatican is a criminal pedophile satanic drug money laundering bank mafia - link with videos - link with news. Also Muhammad is a fantasy: nothing could be found, and the name "Muhammad" was used only since 850, not in 600 - link. Therefore also the Muslim calendar is a fantasy. Peace and healings and instructions how to handle the planet are with Mother Earth - Mother Earth is REAL and everybody can learn it: http://www.med-etc.com - have a good day. - Michael Palomino, May 12, 2019

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from:
-- Illegal immigration; In: Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971, vol. 8
-- Israel, State of; In: Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971, vol. 9


Illegal Immigration

(from: Illegal immigration; In: Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971, vol. 8)


<"Illegal" Immigration (Aliyah Bet or ha'palah - "resolute ascent"),

the clandestine immigration of Jews to Erez Israel.

[Illegal immigration went also to other countries, but only the immigration to Palestine is called "Aliyah"].

[since 1882: First illegal immigration to Palestine under Turkish rule]

This kind of immigration began under Ottoman rule. From 1882 onward the Turks did not permit Jews from Eastern Europe, with rare exceptions, to settle in Palestine, allowing them only a few months' stay to visit the holy places, but many thousands of Jews infiltrated during the First and Second *Aliyah to lay the foundations of the new yishuv [[Jewish population in Palestine before 1948]]. The terms Aliyah Bet and ha'palah were coined during the British regime in the 1930s.

[[Supplement: Herzl's book "The Jewish State" and the effects for immigration - and the First Mose]

The racist book "The Jewish State" from Theodor Herzl (1896) is not mentioned: The Herzl book is the base for all further Jewish  immigration to Palestine stating that Arabs can be driven out from Palestine like the natives in the "USA". Herzl says this would be the "modern solution" of the Jewish question. As a reaction Arab agitation was created and Arab newspapers were agitating against Jewish immigration since 1896. Herzl also promised in his book that in Palestine could be found goldmines like in South Africa, but he never was in Palestine. The Herzl book split the worldwide Jewry in Zionists and non-Zionists, so the Zionists undertook the illegal immigration. Add to this since 1915 the Arabs had weapons from the British against the Turks. So the Arabs could not be driven out any more. Add to this the Zionist Jewish organizations always cite the Bible with First Mose chapter 15 phrase 18 for a Big Israel...]].

Theodor Herzl, portrait of a racist, which
                        was normal for this period, to be racist even
                        was "scientific" in these times!
Theodor Herzl, portrait of a racist, which was normal for this period, to be racist even was "scientific" in these times!
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Speach
                        of Herzl on the Zionist congress at Basel in the
                        Casino for his racist plans to found an Israel
                        against the Arabs, 1896
Speach of Herzl on the Zionist congress at Basel in the Casino for his racist plans to found an Israel against the Arabs, 1896
Theodor Herzl, book "Der
                          Judenstaat" 1896, Titelblatt Theodor Herzl, book "Der Judenstaat. Versuch einer modernen Lösung der Judenfrage von Theodor Herzl, Doktor der Rechte" (English: "The Jewish State. Concept of a modern solution of the Jewish question by Theodor Herzl, Doctor of the rights". Edition Breitensteiner Leipzig and Vienna 1896", cover in German

Arabs can be driven away, that's the "modern solution" of the "Jewish question", says Herzl.
Theodor Herzl, book "The
                        Jewish State" from 1896, modern cover Theodor Herzl, book "The Jewish State" from 1896, modern cover

This book is the reason for the Middle East conflict, and the Jewish Zionist Free Mason  propagandists of the Jewish governments at Jerusalem never want to admit that they have to give up this Herzl book.

So the Jews at the end went from one trap (NS Europe) into the next trap (Zionist Israel), and the League of Nations never wanted to have this in their discussions, because nobody believed that one can establish a state in a desert...

So Human Rights would be better than this Herzl book.

Between the World Wars.

[1930s: GB has fixed immigration quotas or even halted the racist Zionist Herzl immigration]

Britain was enjoined by Article 6 of the *Mandate for Palestine to "facilitate Jewish immigration under suitable circumstances", but the immigration quotas fixed by the Administration of Palestine failed to meet the pressure of pioneers seeking to settle in the country and Jews fleeing from distress and persecution, or the need to safeguard the future of the Jewish National Home. From time to time immigration was drastically cut or entirely halted. The yishuv and the Zionist Movement felt no compunction in circumventing official restrictions which they regarded as illegal violations of Britain's duty under the Mandate.

[[Factor: The Jewish Zionists bought the land from the rich Arabs, and the Palestinian farmers had no vote, or: The Jewish Zionists took the desert, and the Jewish agriculture transformed the desert into land, or: The Jewish Zionists saw a marsh land, and they drained it and made land of it. So the Palestinians saw that the number of Jews was only rising and never halting. What should they do?]]

Marsh
                        land is drained in Palestine. Are there Jews
                        working together with Palestinians? I don't
                        believe...
Marsh land is drained in Palestine. Are there Jews working together with Palestinians? I don't believe...
Palestinian demonstration against Jewish
                          immigration 1930
vergrössernPalestinian demonstration against Jewish immigration 1930

[Methods for illegal Zionist immigration: Immigrant ships - crossing border in the north - tourists stay - fictitious deposits for visa - fictitious marriages of Jewish girls with Palestinian citizens]

Jews who had failed to obtain immigration certificates sometimes mingled with the passengers on regular immigrant ships; others crossed the borders in the north with the aid of Jewish settlers in Upper Galilee. Some came as tourists or visitors to such events as the Maccabiah Games in 1932 and 1935, and stayed as unregistered, "illegal" residents. Fictitious deposits of 1,000 Palestine pounds were arranged to secure "capitalist" visas; girls entered on the (col. 1248)

strength of fictitious marriages with Palestinian citizens or residents of Palestine. According to the Peel Commission's report there were some 22,000 illegal immigrants in 1932-33.

Lord Peel and his commission, foto which is under stupid copyright: http://www.viewimages.com/Search.aspx?mid=3071082&epmid=3&partner=Google

[since 1933: 350 pioneers landed by the ship Vellos]

The rise of Hitler [and his collaborators] increased the pressure for aliyah, and in 1934 the first organized efforts at clandestine immigration by sea took place. The *He-Halutz movement chartered the Greek ship Vellos and with the aid of *Haganah members landed some 350 pioneers, but operations were suspended after a second attempt had failed for lack of experience.

[More illegal ships in 1937 - Mosad set up for illegal Zionist immigration - private boats since Anschluss 1938]

In 1937, when there were signs that Britain intended to halt immigration, *Revisionists and *Betar groups restarted the effort and in two years sent out several ships, which transported several thousand immigrants from Eastern Europe under the slogan Af al pi ("in spite of ..."). Their success encouraged He-Halutz to resume the organization of "illegal" immigration;

several boats were dispatched, beginning with the Poseidon in 1938, and at first landed their human cargoes without incident. Late in 1938 the Mosad le-Aliyah Bet ("Organization for 'Illegal' Immigration" - in brief, the Mosad) was set up by the Haganah under the leadership of Shaul *Avigur (Meirov). After the Nazi conquest of Austria and Czechoslovakia, refugee boats were also organized by private individuals.

Mosad, emblem
Mosad, emblem

The motto states: "By way of deception, thou shalt do war"
(http://s3.amazonaws.com/911timeline/main/essaykhalidandnawaf.html)


[[The Jews were going form the Nazi trap into the Zionist trap...]]

[GB measures against illegal immigrant ships - White Paper 1939 for 10,000 immigrants per annum - Zionist declaration of clandestine Zionist immigration]

The Mandatory government did everything in its power to stop the stream of "illegal" immigrants, exerting pressure on other governments to prevent them leaving and dispatching patrol boats to track the ships from the moment of their departure till their arrival off the Palestinian coast. At a later stage (1940-48) radar stations were erected and aircraft employed to detect immigrant vessels on the open sea. Angered by the ruling power's policy, the yishuv staged protest demonstrations and strikes. When in May 1939 Britain published the White Paper restricting Jewish immigration to 10,000 per annum, the Zionist leaders retorted by declaring clandestine immigration a prime means in the struggle for free aliyah and Jewish independence.

Zionist demonstration against White Paper
              policy, May 1939
Zionist demonstration against White Paper policy, May 1939

[The Zionists are acting on the base of the racist Herzl book and don't want to accept that the Arabs have weapons. This colonization plan against Arabs will fail...].

During World War II.

[GB measures: Jewish refugees sent to Mauritius - Haganah provokes sinking of the ship Patria - Struma lost]

During the war years, ha'palah became an operation for rescuing Jews from extermination. Small, rickety boats, sailing from Romanian and Bulgarian ports, some of them crammed with 2,000 passengers, continued to reach the shores of Palestine, where most of them were intercepted by the British. When at the end of 1940 several thousands of refugees arrived from Romania in three ships, the British decided to transfer them to *Mauritius. Some of them were put on board the Patria for deportation, and Haganah emissaries sabotaged the ship in Haifa harbor to prevent it leaving, but, through a tragic miscalculation, it sank and some 250 lives were lost. About 1,600 of the immigrants were deported and detained in Mauritius until the end of the war.

Another refugee boat whose passengers were refused entry was the [[ship]] Struma which sank in the Marmara Sea [[before Istanbul]] in February 1942 with the loss of all 769 persons on board except one.

Ship Struma
Ship Struma
Departed Constanta 1941 Dec 11, arrived 1941 Dec 16
767 passengers
The 74-year-old steamer Struma, (240 tons, 1867) with 767 people crowded on board, left Constanta on December 11, 1941 flying the Panamanian flag. The boat was detained at Istanbul as unseaworthy and remained in the harbor; the passengers were not allowed ashore. British authorities wanted the ship returned to Romania. After two months of negotiations, the ship with broken down engines was towed into the Black Sea where it was found by the Soviet submarine SC-213 and torpedoed, on February 24th. There was one survivor of this tragedy.
(http://www.paulsilverstone.com/immigration/Primary/Aliyah/shiplist1.php)

[[Struma originally is the name of a river in Bulgaria]].

During most of the war years the Mosad organized clandestine immigration by overland routes, mainly from the Middle East.

[[The Zionist Mosad emigration route is going over the Black Sea to Cyprus and to Palestine]].

Jews in the British army 1942, there was a
              "Jewish Brigade"
Jews in the British army 1942, there was a "Jewish Brigade"

[[Zionists have a strong argument for more Jewish emigration to Palestine because Jews are in the British army and fighting against NS forces]].

After World War II.

[1945-1948: Mosad organizing the passage over the Mediterranean Sea - the crews of the ships]

After the war large-scale operations at sea were resumed by the Mosad, the immigrants being mainly refugee survivors of European Jewry who had escaped by way of the *Berihah rescue operation and reached the shores of Italy, France, Romania, Yugoslavia, and Greece. Their passage was supervised by Mosad emissaries, the immigrants in most cases embarking at small, remote ports, and traveling under cramped conditions in densely packed vessels, most of which were unfit for passenger transportation.

The Italians and others who at first constituted the crews of these ships were later joined by Palestinian and American Jews. The refugees were escorted (col. 1249)

by members of the Haganah and volunteers from the Diaspora, particularly from the U.S. The success of the operation was due in no small measure to the manner in which the refugees themselves, regardless of age or sex, willingly endured privation and danger, and to the total solidarity of the yishuv with the refugees.

[Clandestine Haganah-boats arriving at night]

Haganah members and others received boats which arrived clandestinely at night to desolate places of the sea shore, carrying on their shoulders those who were unable to wade to the shore - the elderly, the sick, women, and children. In other cases the refugees were immediately brought in buses and trucks to kibbutzim and having changed their clothes could not be recognized as such by the searching British police.

[[The Arabs are not asked. Herzl does not give them any right...]]

[1945-1948: 65 Zionist immigrant boats arrive at Palestine under Zionist Mosad leadership]

In the years from 1945 to 1948, 65 immigrant boats embarked for Palestine, all under the aegis of the Mosad, save for one boat dispatched by the Hebrew National Liberation Committee founded by Revisionists in the U.S. Most of these were intercepted by the British; among the few that succeeded in landing their passengers were the Dalin (August 1945), the Hanna Szenes (December 1945), and the Shabbetai Lozinski, which went aground on the rocks near Ashdod in March 1947, the immigrants mingling with hundreds of local residents who came to their rescue so that the authorities might not distinguish between them.

Departed Bari 1945 Aug 21, arrived 1945 Aug 28.
35 passengers
(http://www.paulsilverstone.com/immigration/Primary/Aliyah/shiplist2.php)

British war ship stops Zionist refugee ship
British war ship stops Zionist refugee ship

[GB measures: Intercepted boats - camp in Cyprus with 51,500 Jews - Zionist settlement preparations]

Intercepted boats were impounded and the passengers transferred to a detention camp at Athlit, some of them later being released within the framework of the limited immigration quota. From August 1946 the British began deporting the clandestine immigrants to detention camps in *Cyprus, where 51,500 were kept under detention and 2,000 children were born.

British detention camp on Cyprus for Jews
                        1946-1948 (01)
British detention camp on Cyprus for Jews 1946-1948 (01)
British detention camp on Cyprus for Jews
                        1946-1948 (02)
British detention camp on Cyprus for Jews 1946-1948 (02)
Camp
                        on Cyprus, Jews behind barbed wire
Camp on Cyprus, Jews behind barbed wire

<Lord Winster, the Governor of Cyprus demanded guarantees that the Jews would leave. He feared that Cyprus could become a new Palestine. [...] Camp costs were paid by the Government of Palestine. The Cyprus camps cost 1.2 million pounds to construct. In mid 1947 Secretary of State for the Colonies, Creech-Jones, estimated the monthly maintenance of the camps at 45,000 pounds.>
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Telaviv1/sandbox)

The detainees were by no means passive. They organized themselves and prepared for settlement in Erez Israel with the aid of emissaries from there, learning Hebrew, and even undergoing military training. Seven hundred and fifty of the detainees, chosen by their own committees, were allowed to enter Palestine every month, the number being deducted from the official immigration quota, but the majority reached Israel only after independence, between May 1948 and Februar 1949.

Refugee camp at Tel Aviv, 11 Dec 1947
vergrössernRefugee camp at Tel Aviv, 11 Dec 1947. [[Existence in Palestine was often not much better than in Cyprus, only without barbed wire...]]

[GB measures: Attacking the Jewish immigrant boats - resistance of the Jews - dragging to the deportation boats]

The critical moment for all the immigrant ships was that of their interception by the British patrol boats, which were ready to attack if their orders were not obeyed. The methods of attack ranged from ramming the boats to using tear gas, batons, and, at times, firearms in order to overcome the immigrants' resistance. The men in charge had to decide on the measure of resistance to be offered, according to such factors as the age and condition of the passengers: Sometimes the attackers were met with sticks, stones, and tins of preserves; generally, passive resistance was offered to the British soldiers, who dragged the immigrants to the deportation boats. Many were injured and several died in these encounters.

Among the ships whose passengers offered the strongest resistance were the Latrun (October 1946), the Knesset Yisrael (November 1946), the Chaim Arlosoroff (February 1947), and the Theodor Herzl (April 1947).

Ship Latrun with Jewish passengers
vergrössernShip Latrun with Jewish passengers
Departed France 1946, arrived 1946 Nov 1.
1279 passengers
Registered name: San Dimitrio
Arrived leaky & listing heavily. Resistance, tear gas. Captured by HMS Chivalrous.
Photo courtesy of Algerine Association
(http://www.paulsilverstone.com/immigration/Primary/Aliyah/shiplist2.php)
Ship Knesset Israel with Jewish
                          passengers
vergrössernShip Knesset Israel with Jewish passengers
Departed Bakar 1946, arrived 1946 Nov 25.
3845 passengers
Registered name: Lochit
Largest number yet. Captured by 4 destroyers & others. Much resistance, 2 killed. All taken to 3 transports.
Photo courtesy of Algerine Association
(hhttp://www.paulsilverstone.com/immigration/Primary/Aliyah/shiplist2.php)
Ship Chaim Arlosoroff with Jewish
                          passengers
vergrössernShip Chaim Arlosoroff with Jewish passengers
Departed Malmo, Taranto 1947 Jan 24, arrived 1947 Feb 27.
1378 passengers
Registered name: Ulua
ex-USCGC Unalga
Former USCG cutter Unalga. Intercepted by HMS Chieftain & beached south of Haifa. 30 Jews wounded.
(http://www.paulsilverstone.com/immigration/Primary/Aliyah/shiplist2.php)
Ship Theodor Herzl with Jewish
                          passengers
vergrössernShip Theodor Herzl with Jewish passengers
Departed Sete 1947, arrived 1947 Apr 13.
2641 passengers
Registered name: Guardian
Captured by HMS St.Brides Bay & Haydon. Resistance, 2 killed. 3rd died.
Photo courtesy of Paul Silverstone Collection
(http://www.paulsilverstone.com/immigration/Primary/Aliyah/shiplist2.php)

In March 1946 the British Army prevailed on the Italian authorities to prevent the departure from La Spezia harbor of the 1,014 refugees on board the Dov Hos and the Eliyahu Golomb; the immigrants reacted by declaring a hunger strike which aroused world public opinion and compelled Britain to permit the boats to reach Palestine.

Map of Italy with La Spezia on the
                          Mediterranean Sea
vergrössernMap of Italy with La Spezia on the Mediterranean Sea
Ship
                        Dov Hos with Jewish passengers
Ship Dov Hos with Jewish passengers

Departed La Spezia 1946 May 8, arrived 1946 May 20.
1014 passengers
Registered name: Fede
Arrived legally after hunger strike at La Spezia. Organized by Arazi, passengers divided between Fede and Fenice.
Photo courtesy of Haganah Archives
(http://www.paulsilverstone.com/immigration/Primary/Aliyah/shiplist2.php)
Ship Eliahu Golomb with Jewish
                          passengers
vergrössernShip Eliahu Golomb with Jewish passengers

Departed La Spezia 1946 May 8, arrived 1946 May 20.
Registered name: Fenice
Arrived legally after hunger strike at La Spezia. Organized by Arazi, passengers divided between Fede and Fenice.
(http://www.paulsilverstone.com/immigration/Primary/Aliyah/shiplist2.php)

[Arabs are not asked...]

[Activities in Palestine against the White Paper policy: Demonstrations, bloody clashes, damage to property]

Clandestine immigration was the spur to and a focal issue of the resistance movement against the "White Paper" regime. Mass demonstrations were held in Palestine on behalf of the refugees, frequently ending in bloody clashes with the military authorities. The Athlit internment camp was penetrated by a Haganah unit and internees released (October 1945); members of the *Palmah sabotaged (col. 1250)

installations involved in the detention and arrest of clandestine immigrants, damaging British deportation boats and coastguard and radar stations.

[1947: The ship Exodus: Jews taken to France - then to Hamburg - then in internment camp in Germany]

The struggle for the right of free immigration reached its peak in summer 1947, when 4,515 refugees on board the Exodus 1947 reached the shores of Palestine. After the fight with the British on board (three killed, 28 injured), the passengers were removed from the Exodus

The case of the ship "SS Exodus"
Ship SS Exodus at sea with Jewish
                          passengers
vergrössernShip SS Exodus at sea with Jewish passengers

Sleeping quarter on the Exodus
vergrössernSleeping quarter on the Exodus
Exodus reaching Haifa
vergrössernExodus reaching Haifa

Exodus in Haifa habour
vergrössernExodus in Haifa habour
Exodus, Jewish passengers on board
vergrössernExodus, Jewish passengers on board

Ship SS Exodus with Jewish passengers
                          leaving on the docks in Palestine
vergrössernShip SS Exodus with Jewish passengers leaving on the docks in Palestine
Exodus passengers 01, mother with child
                          on the docks
vergrössernExodus passengers 01, mother with child on the docks
Exodus passengers 02, English soldier
                          with a passenger
vergrössernExodus passengers 02, English soldier with a passenger
Exodus passengers 03, the passengers have
                          to wait in cages for the new ships which will
                          bring them back to Europe
vergrössernExodus passengers 03, the passengers have to wait in cages for the new ships which will bring them back to Europe

to three transports which took them to France, but the French government refused to take them off the British deportation boat against their will, while the refugees themselves chose to endure the intense discomfort of their stifling cramped quarters in the summer heat rather than disembark. They were finally taken to Hamburg, where they were forcibly removed and transferred to a British internment camp in Germany. This incident aroused world opinion against Britain's policy of closing the gates of Palestine to survivors of the Holocaust.

[[The camps were near Luebeck, the camps "Poeppendorff" and "Am Stau", former camps of the Wehrmacht and then DP camps. The Exodus Jews were there since 8 Sep under military guard and released on 6 Oct 1947 under heavy international pressure]].
(http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exodus_(Schiff)

[Jews from the ships Pan York and Pan Crescent brought to Cyprus]

One of the last clandestine immigration operations was a convoy of two large boats, the Pan York and Pan Crescent, transporting more than 15,000 Jews, the majority from Romania, which left Bulgaria at the end of 1947 despite British and U.S. attempts to prevent their setting sail. The passengers were interned in the Cyprus detention camps.

Ship Pan-York with Jewish passengers
vergrössernShip Pan-York with Jewish passengers
Departed Burgas 1947 Dec, arrived 1948 Jan 1.
7557 passengers
Registered name: Pan York
(Ingathering of the Exiles) Largest transport, diverted to Cyprus. The ‘Pans' sailed from Bulgaria and then by agreement directly to Cyprus.
(http://www.paulsilverstone.com/immigration/Primary/Aliyah/shiplist2.php)
Ship Pan Crescent with Jewish passengers
vergrössernShip Pan Crescent with Jewish passengers
Departed Burgas 1947 Dec, arrived 1948 Jan 1.
7612 passengers
Registered name: Pan Crescent
(Independence) see above
Photo courtesy of Haganah Archives
(http://www.paulsilverstone.com/immigration/Primary/Aliyah/shiplist2.php)

Aliyah Bet came to an end with the establishment of the State of Israel in May 1948 [[14 May 1948]].

[[The Zionist Free Mason state of Israel was found without any border definitions and with the racist Herzl book "Jewish State" as ideologic base with the announcement to drive all Arabs away. Ben Gurion gives his declarance under the Herzl portrait. So the Arabs know what this means and since then we have a never ending war there...]].

Ben Gurion, declarance of independence with a Herzl
                foto of racist Herzl. The foto is the program, and the
                Arabs will never accept this Herzl state...
vergrössernBen Gurion, declarance of independence with a Herzl foto of racist Herzl. The foto is the program, and the Arabs will never accept this Herzl state...

Of the clandestine immigrants' boats impounded at Haifa port, the best were selected and adapted to serve as the first warships of the Israel Navy.

From the early days of the Vellos more than 115,000 Jews had reached Palestine by means of Aliyah Bet (about 105,000 of them under the auspices of the Mosad), and some 800 of them fell in the War of Independence.> (col. 1254)

[Supplement:
The main problem, the racist Herzl book, which is the base of the Middle East conflict, and the Bible with Moses chapter 15 phrase 18, which is the base for all Jewish messianic movements, are not discussed until now. And Human Rights are not signed until now, because Free Masons want the victory against the Arabs. So it would be time for signing Human Rights in the Middle East without partition of any land (2007)].

[[The Arabs only could watch what was happening there and were not asked]].

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<Bibliography

-- M. M. Mardor: Strictly Illegal (1964), chs. 7-12
-- J. and D. Kimche: Secret Roads (1954)
-- B. Habas: Ha-Sefinah she-Nizzehah (1948)
-- B. Habas: Gate Breakers (1963)
-- M. Basok (ed.): Sefer Ha-Ma'pilim (1947)
-- H. Lazar: Af Al Pi (Heb., 1957)
-- Dinur, Haganah, 2 pt. 3 (1964), index. s.v.: Ha'palah
-- D. Niv: Ma'arekhot ha-Irgun ha-Zeva'i ha-Le'ummi, 2 (1965), 129-63; 3 (1967), 67-71, 321-34;
-- J. Derogy: La loi du retour; la secrète et véritable histoire de l'Exodus (1968)

[Y. S.]> (col. 1254)


Sources from article "Illegal immigration"
Encyclopaedia Judaica:
                            "Illegal" Immigration, vol. 8,
                            col. 1248
Encyclopaedia Judaica: "Illegal" Immigration, vol. 8, col. 1248
Encyclopaedia Judaica:
                            "Illegal" Immigration, vol. 8,
                            col. 1249-1250
Encyclopaedia Judaica: "Illegal" Immigration, vol. 8, col. 1249-1250
Encyclopaedia Judaica:
                            "Illegal" Immigration, vol. 8,
                            col. 1251-1252
Encyclopaedia Judaica: "Illegal" Immigration, vol. 8, col. 1251-1252
Encyclopaedia Judaica:
                            "Illegal" Immigration, vol. 8,
                            col. 1253-1254
Encyclopaedia Judaica: "Illegal" Immigration, vol. 8, col. 1253-1254





The role of Cyprus in the Zionist Jewish strategy - camp against illegal immigration

from: Cyprus; In: Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971, vol. 5

<In 1878, the English statesman Benjamin *Disraeli succeeded in having Cyprus placed under British administration. The few Jews who lived in Cyprus under British rule were mainly silversmiths and peddlers. Between 1883 and 1897
  
Davis Trietsch, portrait of another
                        Zionist
Davis Trietsch, portrait of another Zionist
there were attempts to settle Jews from Romania elsewhere on the island. In 1900, the economist Davis *Trietsch made an attempt to settle Jews there after Herzl had failed in negotiations over Erez Israel with the Turks.

In 1902 and 1903 Herzl discussed with *Chamberlain a plan to settle Jews in Cyprus, but without success.

Between 1933 and 1939 Cyprus was a sanctuary for 500 Jewish refugees from Germany. In 1941 the British began to evacuate the island, mainly women and children, for fear of a German invasion, and its Jews were also evacuated.

After World War II, when the stream of "illegal" immigration to Palestine of the survivors in Europe assumed mass proportions, the British government forcibly transferred many thousands of them to deportation ships and sent them to detention camps in Cyprus. Their total number, from 1946 until 1948, was about 51,500.

In the camps they were assisted by shelihim (emissaries) of the *Jewish Agency and the *Haganah to organize health and education services as well as some military training. With the establishment of the State of Israel they were released and quickly absorbed in the mainstream of mass immigration which began to arrive in the country (see *"Illegal" Immigration). In 1951 the Jewish population numbered only 165 persons who lived in Nicosia, Larnaca, Limassol, and Famagusta.> (col. 1182)

-----

Illegal Aliyah to Palestine by Mosad ships 1936-1948

(from: Israel, State of; In: Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971, vol. 9)

[Illegal Zionist immigration to Palestine against the British White Paper policy restrictions]

<The yishuv [[Jewish population in Palestine before 1948]] supported by Jews in the Diaspora and many non-Jewish sympathizers, denounced the White Paper as a betrayal of Britain's obligations under the Mandate. The organization of "illegal" immigration was intensified, and more and more refugee ships made their way to Palestine.

[Illegal Zionist immigration ships chartered by Mosad]

"ILLEGAL" ALIYAH. "Illegal" ships had been dispatched by He-Halutz, bringing pioneering youth, and later by the Revisionists and some individuals, who brought out large numbers of Central and East European Jews, sometimes in collusion with their governments. It was known in the yishuv as "Aliyah Bet" ("B Aliyah"). At first this activity was frowned upon by the Jewish authorities, but in 1938, when British restrictions were maintained despite the growing and urgent needs, the underground Mosad le-Aliyah Bet ("Institute for Aliyah Bet"), headed by Shaul *Avigur, took the lead on behalf of the Haganah and the Jewish Agency.

Between July 1934 and the outbreak of war in September 1939, 43 ships succeeded in disembarking over 15,000 refugee passengers on the shores of Palestine. The yishuv and the Zionist movement did not regard these Jews - most of whom were refugees from poverty, persecution, and, as the event showed, death - as "illegal immigrants"; for them the Mandatory government's attempts to stop them entering the Jewish National Home were illegal. They were referred to as ma'pilim ("trail-blazers" or "daring pioneers").

[[For Mosad and the Free Mason Zionists the Arabs do not exist. The book of Theodor Herzl "The Jewish State" which says that the Arabs can be driven away like the natives in North America is the guideline for Zionism, and until now this racist book celebrating a Great Israel against the Arabs is legal to have. The Jews went from the Nazi trap into the Zionist trap. And the main cause for anti-Semitism, the "Christian" church, was never punished for it...]]

[1939-1945: Difficult organization of Zionist ships for Palestine]

Of the Jews trapped in Europe by the outbreak of war in September 1939, only a few thousand managed to escape the impending catastrophe. It was desperately difficult to get ships, fuel, supplies, and crews willing to risk the voyage in wartime conditions. Legal immigration had declined to a trickle, and those who landed without getting permission in advance, which was seldom possible, were still treated as illegal immigrants.

[1946-1948: British patrols catching some Jewish Mosad ships - drowning ships- embarking points]

The British navy kept constant watch. Some of the refugee boats were fired on as they approached the coasts. Some were turned back: three of these sank, and only the human cargo of one of them (the Pancho in May 1940) was saved from drowning; the passengers on the others were interned in camps or deported to British colonies.

The refugees were embarked at ports in the Balkan countries, and some of them landed at Constantinople, whence they made their way by land to Palestine. Twenty-one boats in all completed the voyage, carrying some 15,000 refugees, whose numbers were deducted from the official quotas.

[Illegal Zionist immigration overland]

There was also some "illegal" immigration overland by Jews from Iraq, Syria, and Lebanon across the northern border.

[since 1943: New entry permits by British embassy in Turkey]

In the summer of 1943, after the world had learned of the Nazi Holocaust, the British government instructed its embassy in Turkey to give entry permits to Palestine to Jews who succeeded in escaping from Nazi-occupied Europe. The emissaries of the Haganah, including those who were parachuted into enemy territory, did all they could to facilitate the flight of the refugees. From the beginning of (col. 532)

1944 they were assisted by the United States, which set up the War Refugee Board for the purpose. altogether, some 61,000 persons entered Palestine, with or without immigration certificates, during the years 1940-45.

[The postwar struggle for the Jewish National Home of the Zionist Free Masons - and the Jews don't realize what trap this will be]

THE POSTWAR STRUGGLE. After the war, when the British maintained the White Paper policy despite the pressure of the survivors of the Holocaust in the *displaced persons' camps in Europe, aliyah became, even more than before, the major practical preoccupation of the Zionist movement. The urgent problem of the survivors, which could not be solved anywhere but in Palestine, aroused the movement and the yishuv to greater exertions and stiffened their determination to fight the British policy of continued restrictions. At the same time it was a striking demonstration to the world of the central importance of the Jewish National Home for the Jewish people and the inadequacy of the Mandate, as interpreted by the British government, to provide an answer.

The arrival of the refugee boats and the treatment of their passengers by the British did more than anything else to arouse world sympathy for the Zionist cause. The demand for the admission of 100,000 Jews, supported by U.S. President Truman and later by the Anglo-American Committee on Palestine, was a major focus of the Zionist struggle. The visits paid by the U.N. Special Committee on Palestine to the D.P. camps and the determination expressed by the survivors of the Holocaust to accept no solution but aliyah were major factors in persuading the members of the committee that the Mandatory regime must be ended and a Jewish state established. (As this phase of the struggle for aliyah was of such central importance in the history of the yishuv, it is described in greater detail in the Historical Survey).

[1945-1948: Mosad is launching Zionist refugee boats to racist Zionist Herzl Israel]

Between August 1945 and May 1948, 65 refugee boats, all but one of which were brought by the Mosad, arrived, with almost 70,000 immigrants on board, bringing the total of Aliyah Bet since 1934 to over 100,000, of which some 80% had come in the Mosad's ships.> (col. 533)




Sources from article "Israel, State of"
Encyclopaedia Judaica: Israel, State
                            of, vol. 9, col. 531-532, with indications
                            about the Illegal immigration to Erez Israel
                            under Mosad leadership
vergrössernEncyclopaedia Judaica: Israel, State of, vol. 9, col. 531-532, with indications about the Illegal immigration to Erez Israel under Mosad leadership
Encyclopaedia Judaica: Israel, State
                            of, vol. 9, col. 533-534, with indications
                            about the Illegal immigration to Erez Israel
                            under Mosad leadership
vergrössernEncyclopaedia Judaica: Israel, State of, vol. 9, col. 533-534, with indications about the Illegal immigration to Erez Israel under Mosad leadership


Link to all ships: http://www.paulsilverstone.com/immigration/Primary/index.html

Link to the Exodus:
http://www.ushmm.org/uia-cgi/uia_query/photos?hr=null&query=kw203726

http://www.ushmm.org/uia-cgi/uia_doc/query/29?uf=uia_VMfKGl


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Picture credits

-- Theodor Herzl, cover "Der Judenstaat" 1896: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Theodor_Herzl
-- "The Jewish State": http://search.barnesandnoble.com/used/productMatches.asp?PEAN=9781599869988&z=y
-- Herzl speach at Basel 1896: http://www.zionpress.org/the_israelites.html
-- Theodor Herzl, Portrait: http://schule.judentum.de/projekt/herzl.htm

-- marsh land is drained: http://www.zionpress.org/the_israelites.html

-- Palestinian demonstration against Jewish immigration 1930: http://www.ccc.nps.navy.mil/si/dec02/middleEast.asp

-- Zionist demonstration against White Paper policy 1939:
http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/History/Modern+History/Centenary+of+ Zionism/From+Hashomer+to+the+Israel+Defense+Forces.htm?DisplayMode=print

-- Jews in the British army:
http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/History/Modern+History/Centenary+of+Zionism/From+Hashomer+ to+the+Israel+Defense+Forces.htm?DisplayMode=print

-- Struma: http://www.eretzyisroel.org/~jkatz/struma.html

-- camp on Cyprus 1946-1948 01: http://www.ushmm.org/museum/exhibit/online/szyk/action/93704.htm
-- camp on Cyprus 1946-1948 02: http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/vjw/cyprus.html

-- ship SS Exodus 01 and 02: http://www.zionpress.org/the_israelites.html
-- Exodus passengers on board: http://www.ushmm.org/uia-cgi/uia_doc/query/88?uf=uia_VMfKGl
http://www.ushmm.org/uia-cgi/uia_query/photos?hr=null&query=kw203726

-- Exodus passengers leaving 01-02, in cage 03: http://www.zionpress.org/the_israelites.html
-- Exodus sleeping quarter: http://www.ushmm.org/uia-cgi/uia_doc/query/29?uf=uia_VMfKGl
-- Exodus reaching Haifa: http://www.ushmm.org/uia-cgi/uia_doc/query/30?uf=uia_VMfKGl
-- Exodus in Haifa harbour: http://www.ushmm.org/uia-cgi/uia_doc/query/52?uf=uia_VMfKGl

-- ship Chaim Arlosoroff: http://www.paulsilverstone.com/immigration/Primary/Aliyah/shiplist2.php

-- ship Latrun: http://www.paulsilverstone.com/immigration/Primary/Aliyah/shiplist2.php

-- ship Knesset Israel: http://www.paulsilverstone.com/immigration/Primary/Aliyah/shiplist2.php

-- ship Theodor Herzl: http://www.paulsilverstone.com/immigration/Primary/Aliyah/shiplist2.php

-- ship Dov Hos: http://www.paulsilverstone.com/immigration/Primary/Aliyah/shiplist2.php

-- ship Pan-York: http://www.paulsilverstone.com/immigration/Primary/Aliyah/shiplist2.php
-- ship Pan Crescent: http://www.paulsilverstone.com/immigration/Primary/Aliyah/shiplist2.php


-- map of Italy with La Spezia: http://www.mapitaly.net/

-- British war ship stops Zionist emigration ship: http://www.jtf.org/israel/israel.jewish.civil.war.part.two.htm

-- Cyprus, Jews behind barbed wire: http://www.jtf.org/israel/israel.jewish.civil.war.part.two.htm

-- refugee camp Tel Aviv 1947: http://busywolf.blogspot.com/

-- Ben-Gurion declaration of independence with Herzl picture: http://www.brijnet.org/israel50/decl-eng.htm

-- Mossad / Mosad Logo: http://s3.amazonaws.com/911timeline/main/essaykhalidandnawaf.html

-- Davis Trietsch, Portrait: http://www.gwu.edu/gelman/spec/kiev/treasures/verlag.html

-- refugee camp Kessalon for Yemen Jews, 5 Nov 1950: http://busywolf.blogspot.com/


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